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Battle of Port Cros
The Battle of Port Cros was a battle of World War II fought off the French Riviera in the Mediterranean Sea on the island of Port-Cros. The battle began when a United States Navy warship encountered two German warships in August 1944 while supporting the Allied Operation Dragoon. It was one of the few surface engagements fought between the United States Navy and the German ''Kriegsmarine''. Later that day, the combined American and Canadian Devil's Brigade was dropped on the main island and captured the German held positions.
==Battle==
The American destroyer —armed with eight guns and twelve torpedo tubes〔 Ford, Roger (2001) ''The Encyclopedia of Ships'', pg. 405. Amber Books, London. ISBN 9781905704439 〕〔 (2001) ''Jane's Fighting Ships of World War II'', pg. 284. Random House, London. ISBN 0517679639 〕—was cruising in the Mediterranean on 15 August 1944 when she came across the former Italian Gabbiano-class corvette ''Camoscio'' of , which was renamed ''UJ6081'' by the ''Kriegsmarine''. Also involved was the former French ''aviso'' ''Amiral Senes'' of , renamed ''SG21''.〔Groner, p.237〕 ''UJ6081'' was armed with one gun and two torpedo tubes. The ''aviso'' was armed with two guns. It was early morning off Port Cros, about four hours before the Allied landing in Vichy France, when the Americans sighted the German corvette. Commander Willam Christopher Hughes ordered a torpedo attack and directed his men to battle stations.
A spread of torpedoes was launched and the Germans opened fire as they attempted to maneuver out of harm's way. However, one torpedo slammed into the ''UJ6081's'' hull and she quickly began to sink. The ''SG21'' was then spotted coming to the rescue. She was engaged by ''Somers'' main gun battery. The ensuing duel lasted for a few minutes until ''SG21'' was hit several times and began taking in water. Within a few more minutes, both German ships went down and ''Somers'' therefore left the area for naval gunfire support missions against targets along the French mainland. American forces suffered no damage or casualties.
Later that day, a mixed regiment of United States Army and Canadian Army infantry, the 1st Special Service Force, was dropped onto Port Cros and captured the five forts after a day-long battle with their German garrisons. The Allies assaulted two or three forts and seized the remaining without resistance. Nine paratroopers were killed in the land battle.
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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